10_20 Sites Of The Brain And Function

This page has been produced to provide you with the International qEEG 10/20 site designation and associated Brain Function.

Left Hemisphere

Analyses – reduces a complex concept or process into its individual components.
Thinks sequentially – i.e. one word after another, one note after another.
Thinks linguistically – perceives, comprehends, stores in memory, formulates and expresses.
Thinks logically.

Right Hemisphere

Synthesises – takes components and combines them into an integrated whole. Experiences the process in its entirety.
Thinks spatially/holistically – putting puzzles together, hearing the musical chord.
Perceives, comprehends and expresses visual and auditory social cues – reading faces, creating facial expressions, comprehending and creating vocal intonation.
Experience and express emotion – anger, rage, anxiety

Prefrontal Cortex Fp1, Fz, Fp2

Executive functioning – establishes goals, inhibits information extraneous to the goal directed planning process
Autonomic Nervous System regulation.
Attends to internal and external stimuli
Determines the amount of attention that will be distributed among competing stimuli.
Supervisory Attentional System
Sustained attention.
Motor Control and Programming
Calls up memory and utilises it
Ability to inhibit behaviour appropriately in complex social contexts
Delayed gratification
Mental flexibility
Understanding the concept of past, present and future.
Provide awareness of what is rewarding and pleasurable
Regulation of emotions
Organising, creative, problem solving
Ability to learn from experience. Reality testing
Development of personality
Attachment, conscience, empathy
Fp1 – verbal retrieval. Visual working Memory
Fp2 – Face and object processing

Frontal Lobes

Higher executive
Attentional gating. Decision making. Problem solving

10/20 Sites

F3, F7 (Left)

Approach behaviour, mood regulation, processing of positive emotional input, conscious awareness.
Creates and controls output of spoken and written language.
Divided and selective attention

F4, F8 (Right)

Avoidance behaviour, impulse control
Empathy conscience. Feeling sense of right and wrong. Emotional gating. Vigilance area.
Sustained and selective attention
Processing of anger, rage, anxiety, fear.
Regulation of aggressive and sexual impulses

C3, Cz, C4 Central Strip

Sensory-motor functions short term memory
Awareness of body, body position, body movement, co-ordination of sensory input with motor output.
Gross motor activity, walking, throwing a ball
Fine motor movements – pen skills, needle threading, typing, speaking.

Temporal Lobes

T3, T5 (left)

Visual perception of what an object is
Processing and perception of auditory input
Comprehension of auditory and visual perception
Long term memory – auditory and visual
Linguistic perception and comprehension
“Inner voice”

T4, T6 (right)

Sound voice intonation perception
Facial recognition. Spatial and facial perception

T4, T6

Visual perception of what an object is
Long Term memory
Emotional content

Parietal Lobes

P3,Pz, P4

Visual perception
Integrating somato -sensory information with posterior visual perceptions
Maths (P3)
Visual-spatial sketch pad (P4)

Occipital Lobes

O1, Oz, O2
Visual processing, procedural memory, dreaming, visual perception.
OZ – Hallucinations

The Limbic System

This is power-packed with function even though it is only about the size of a walnut. It sets emotional tone, controls motivation and drive, holds emotional memories. The female limbic system is larger relative to the size of the brain than is the male.

Hypothalamus

Is one of the busiest parts of the brain. It is mainly concerned with homeostasis. It regulates hunger, thirst, pain response, pleasure, sex drive, the PNS

Amygdala

Provides emotional affect to language, intonation, sound of voice, social emotion, guilt, shame.

Hippocampus (beneath the temporal lobes)

Short and long term auditory and visual memory (left)
Sound-voice intonation memory, and spatial-facial memory (right)

Septal Nucleus

This acts in conjunction with the hypothalamus and hippocampus particularly in relation to internal inhibition and the exerting of quieting and dampening influences on arousal and limbic system functioning.

Cingulate Gyrus (Fpz, Fz, Cz, Pz)

Being able to shift ones attention from one subject to another.
Adapting within changing circumstances/seeing options.
Being co-operative in a social context.
Flexibility
“Inflow”.

Thalamus

Connects sensory organs to areas of primary sensory processing – eyes to visual cortex of the occipital lobe.
Ears to primary auditory cortex of the temporal lobe.
Body sensation and position to primary somato- sensory cortex of the Parietal lobe.
Connects the cerebellum to the motor strip.
Sets overall tone or level of excitation for the entire cerebral cortex.

Reticular Activating System

This is the centre in the brain.
It is the key to “turning on the brain” and seems to be the centre of motivation.

It serves as a point of convergence for signals from the external world and the internal environment.
The R.A.S. is the centre of balance for the other systems involved in learning, self-control or inhibition.

References

Joseph R (1990) Neuropsychology, Neuropsychiatry and Behavioural Neurology.
NY Plenum Press
Carlson NR (2001) Psychology of Behaviour.
Allyns Bacon

Some Factors Affecting Efficient Brain Functioning
“Brain Behaviour”
Allostasis Homeostasis

Asymmetry, Coherence, Phase

Dysregulators
Neurotransmitters Enteric Nervous System Endocrine System

Enzymes Minerals Amino Acids

Hydration Blood Health Oxygen Debt

Leaky gut Liver Function Toxins

Nutrition Vitamins Minerals Co-Factors

Immune System Viruses Parasites

Persistent Pyrexia Disease Processes

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Circuit Failure

Mood State

Trauma – pre-birth, birth, life

Sleep Deprivation

Developmental Issues

Lesley Parkinson. 03.03.09